K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamiyle Karadeniz sahillerine yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve hemen ard\u0131ndan Rus ticaret gemileri antla\u015fma gere\u011fince Karadeniz ve Akdeniz\u2019e gelerek ticari ve ekonomik faaliyetlere ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fakat Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu bir m\u00fcddet sonra Rus ticaret gemilerinin Karadeniz ve Akdeniz b\u00f6lgelerinde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ticarette antla\u015fmaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle Rus ticaret adamlar\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 Devletin’den kesinlikle ihra\u00e7 edilmesi yasak olan ticari \u00fcr\u00fcnleri sat\u0131n al\u0131p, Rusya’ya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130hracat\u0131 yasak olan baz\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin Rus t\u00fcccarlar taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 y\u00fcksek fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131na sebep olaca\u011f\u0131 gibi ileriki y\u0131llarda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nde olabilecek bir k\u0131tl\u0131kta insanlar\u0131n isyanlar\u0131na sebeb olabilirdi.<\/p>\n

Ruslar\u0131n, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket etti\u011fini g\u00f6ren Osmanl\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Rusya \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131na antla\u015fmaya sad\u0131k kalmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fini bildirdi\u011fi gibi Osmanl\u0131 karasular\u0131nda ve limanlar\u0131nda ticaret yapan Rus ticaret gemilerini kontrol alt\u0131na alarak, s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini yok sayan t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine ve gemilerine el koymaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise bu konuya kesin bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getirmekten s\u00fcrekli ka\u00e7\u0131narak olas\u0131 Rus ticaret gemilerine yap\u0131lan korsan sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan ve Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak baz\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 limanlar\u0131ndan al\u0131nan \u00e7e\u015fitli vergileri g\u00fcndeme getirip, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nden \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i olmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ve Rusya, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

K\u0131r\u0131m ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 elde ettikten sonra, K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Rus yanl\u0131s\u0131 olan \u015eahin Giray<\/strong> getirilmi\u015fti. \u015eahin Giray’\u0131n y\u00f6netimi d\u00f6neminde K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Rusya yanl\u0131s\u0131 politikalar izlemektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu durum K\u0131r\u0131m Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda isyana sebebiyet verecek ve Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, Selim Giray’\u0131<\/strong> destekleyecektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki devlet aras\u0131nda bir sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131kmak \u00fczereyken Fransa\u2019n\u0131n arabuluculu\u011fu sayesinde Aynal\u0131kavak Saray\u0131\u2019nda iki devletin temsilcilerini bir araya geldi.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan toplant\u0131da hem K\u0131r\u0131m meselesi hem de ticari konularda ya\u015fanan problemler 21 Mart 1779 tarihinde imzalanan Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile karara ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>II. Katerina, Frans\u0131z yazar Voltaire\u2019e yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta \u015eahin Giray’dan \u00e7ok zeki, k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 ve sevimli bir Tatar genci diye s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftir. \u015eahin Giray, Katerina’dan sadece Rus menfaatlerine uygun hareket etmesi sebebiyle de\u011fil bu y\u00f6nleriyle de b\u00fcy\u00fck destek ald\u0131. \u00c7ari\u00e7e Katerina, St. Petersburg\u2019da \u00fcnlenen ve bu arada \u00e7ok fazla bor\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan \u015eahin Giray\u2019\u0131n bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6dedi<\/strong>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Maddeleri<\/h2>\n
Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sava\u015f a\u00e7maya ve Karadeniz \u00fczerinden K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na asker g\u00f6ndermeye karar vermi\u015fse de b\u00f6lgede \u00e7\u0131kacak bir sava\u015f\u0131 kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na uygun g\u00f6rmeyen Fransa’n\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesiyle Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanm\u0131\u015f ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n<\/strong> baz\u0131 maddeleri a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Antla\u015fman\u0131n maddeleri \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131ndaki Yaz\u0131m\u0131 Okumak \u0130ster Misiniz?<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n
\n
Osmanl\u0131 Devleti \u015eahin Giray’\u0131n K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yacak, Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Halifesi oldu\u011fundan bundan sonra yap\u0131lacak olan se\u00e7imlerde, padi\u015fah\u0131n halifelik onay\u0131 al\u0131nacak.<\/li>\n
Rusya K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n dini i\u015flerine kesinlikle kar\u0131\u015fmayacak, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti de dini meseleler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019\u0131n idari i\u015flerine ve K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kesinlikle kar\u0131\u015fmamay\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n
Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131’da \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019da bulunan askerlerini geri \u00e7ekece\u011fini kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n
Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7en Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu K\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerindeki haklar\u0131n\u0131 geri almak i\u00e7in herhangi bir giri\u015fimde bulunmayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n
K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kabilecek ayaklanma ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir durum olmas\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 ve Rus y\u00f6neticileri birlikte hareket edeceklerdir.<\/li>\n
Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Karadeniz ve Akdeniz\u2019de de di\u011fer Avrupa devletlerinin yararlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu imtiyazlardan yararlanabilecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Sonucu<\/h2>\n
\u0130mzalanan bu antla\u015fman\u0131n sonunda K\u0131r\u0131m’\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kez daha onaylanm\u0131\u015f oluyordu. Rusya ile hem daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan hem de 21 Mart 1779 senesinde yap\u0131lan Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nu kuzeyden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya devam etti.<\/p>\n
Rus \u0130mparatori\u00e7esi II. Katerina<\/strong> bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ard\u0131ndan, G\u00fcrcistan’\u0131n i\u015fgaline haz\u0131rlanarak Balkan \u00fclkelerini kapsayacak \u015fekilde Ortodoks Devleti kurma hedefine ilerlemek istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
<\/a><\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nda \u00f6zellikle K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan gelen Aynal\u0131kavak S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile ordudaki gerileme ve zay\u0131fl\u0131k ortaya iyice \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, reform hareketlerinin gereklili\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Aynal\u0131kavak\u2019ta var\u0131lan antla\u015fma ile Osmanl\u0131 Devleti ile Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar tam olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Antla\u015fman\u0131n ilgili maddesinde sadece Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ticari serbestli\u011fine bir daha vurgu yap\u0131larak, Rus ticaret gemilerinin boyutlar\u0131 ve y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasiteleri hakk\u0131ndaki karma\u015fal\u0131klar ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t
Aynal\u0131kavak antla\u015fmas\u0131 hangi padi\u015fah d\u00f6neminde imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r?? <\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t\t
Antla\u015fma, Sultan Birinci Abd\u00fclhamid’in<\/strong> padi\u015fahl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t
I. Abd\u00fclhamit Osmanl\u0131 Devleti'nin Ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 Padi\u015fah\u0131d\u0131r? <\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t\t
I. Abd\u00fclhamid, 27. Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131d\u0131r. 21 Ocak 1774 \u2013 7 Nisan 1789 tarihleri aras\u0131nda padi\u015fahl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t
Tenkihname ne demektir? <\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t\t
Tenkihname<\/strong>, Eskiyi kabul ederek yeniden d\u00fczenleme anlam\u0131na gelir.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t
K\u0131r\u0131m, Rusya taraf\u0131ndan ne zaman ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir? <\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t\t
K\u0131r\u0131m, 8 Nisan 1783 tarihinde Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong> Ele ge\u00e7irilen K\u0131r\u0131m Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, tam 134 y\u0131l boyunca Rus \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmi\u015f ve K\u0131r\u0131m’daki Rus egemenli\u011fi 1917 Bol\u015fevik devriminin hemen sonras\u0131nda k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc K\u0131r\u0131m Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin ilan edilmesiyle son bulmu\u015ftur.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\nG\u00f6z Atmak \u0130ster Misiniz?<\/a>\n
Erzurum Kongresi Sonunda Ya\u015fanan \u00d6nemli Olaylar<\/a><\/li>
Erzurum Kongresi ve T\u00fcrk Milletinin D\u00f6n\u00fcm Noktas\u0131<\/a><\/li>
Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n 9. Ordu M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fi<\/a><\/li>
\u0130zmir\u2019in \u0130\u015fgali Hakk\u0131nda Az Bilinen Ger\u00e7ekler<\/a><\/li>
Kuva-y\u0131 \u0130nzibatiye ve \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f \u0130lan Edilmesi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda 21 Mart 1779 tarihinde \u0130stanbul Hali\u00e7’te imzalanan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile Rusya aras\u0131nda 1768-1774 tarihleri aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan sava\u015flar sonucu imzalanan K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131, iki devletin aralar\u0131ndaki problemleri tam olarak \u00e7\u00f6zememi\u015fti. Aynal\u0131kavak Antla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca Antla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda Rus \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamiyle Karadeniz sahillerine yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve hemen ard\u0131ndan …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3624"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3624"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4624,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3624\/revisions\/4624"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/derliyo.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}